This retirement, in multiples of the starting sum (real) · in order ·
the same years reversed
The safe maximum of every start year · your withdrawal ·
● your start
Robert Shiller's monthly real total returns of the S&P Composite and of 10-year Treasuries, 1871–2026. Each January the
retiree takes the same real amount; a retirement runs out when a withdrawal finds less than that. The closed form treats the mix as a
geometric Brownian motion with the μ and σ of its January-to-January returns and asks whether the money ever runs out (Dufresne, 1990).